Penalty plus ubiquitous CCTV: it's very hard to get away with it. For what it's worth, my understanding the harsh punishments originated from the period in the

Penalty plus ubiquitous CCTV: it's very hard to get away with it. For what it's worth, my understanding the harsh punishments originated from the period in the 1960s when graffiti was mostly Communist propaganda, at a time when neighboring Malaysia was still fighting a very real Communist insurgency.