> You went from hash functions are invertible to hash functions contain subroutines that are invertible. No. You misunderstood from the start because you appar

> You went from hash functions are invertible to hash functions contain subroutines that are invertible. No. You misunderstood from the start because you apparently didn't recognize that SHA256 is built from an invertible block cipher named Davies–Meyer, and have probably googled the structure afterwards and then double-downed on the Merkle–Damgård compression function. SHA256 is built up from an invertible block cipher for a reason. Invertibility has many important properties, one of which is the maximization of entropy while mixing the 256-bits of state into 256-bits of new-state. Anyone who knows the internal structure of modern hashes knows what I'm talking about. Modern encryption is hugely built from one-to-one and onto functions. Its just the easiest way to prove various features. Yes, even hash functions. --------- BTW: Please pay attention to usernames as well. You're yelling at a fellow poster who is... erm... not me.