Saving a life isn't an externality though. It's very much an 'internality' - it's the reason why people use oil for heating when it's extremely cold. You can't

Saving a life isn't an externality though. It's very much an 'internality' - it's the reason why people use oil for heating when it's extremely cold. You can't claim people used oil to keep warm and then claim 'not dying from cold' is an external benefit of the product. Edit: Actually you can claim that but only if Exxon weren't aware that not dying from cold is a benefit of heating, like they claim they weren't aware that climate change is a downside of their products. Are you saying people who work in the oil industry are really that stupid?