This is good, but it also leaves out that the Civil Rights Act legislation made this kind of "thumb on the other side of the scale" for "disadvantaged races" pa

This is good, but it also leaves out that the Civil Rights Act legislation made this kind of "thumb on the other side of the scale" for "disadvantaged races" patently illegal. Affirmative Action was, therefore, a recognized court exemption - explicitly stated by judges as a temporary measure - and which has been further narrowed in multiple later cases brought to it (cf. University of California v. Bakke, Gratz v. Bollinger). A more recent group, Students for Fair Admission, largely cited the anti-Asian angle its effects were producing. Affirmative Action was never part of formal U.S. law, and never designed to exist indefinitely.