More energy in the system increases the unpredictability. You can see this on the tiny scale, where heat (energy) first turns a solid (atoms are bound to a rig

More energy in the system increases the unpredictability. You can see this on the tiny scale, where heat (energy) first turns a solid (atoms are bound to a rigid structure) to a liquid (atoms slide past each other) to a gas (atoms bounce around unpredictably). While weather doesn't have this clean sort of phase transition, more heat in the atmosphere drives both predictable heat as well as unpredictable cold, storms, droughts, floods, etc.