Agreed. Allocation is pretty cheap, but it can still be slowed by an order of magnitude by two things: 1. by using finalizers 2. by using object initializatio

Agreed. Allocation is pretty cheap, but it can still be slowed by an order of magnitude by two things: 1. by using finalizers 2. by using object initialization blocks If you avoid these two problems you get nano-second performance, because the JVM does not need to run code during object creation and GC.