They're indistinguishable via naive measurement (prompting) if the LLM can sample from all possible data: there's a very large infinity of (Q, A, time) triples

They're indistinguishable via naive measurement (prompting) if the LLM can sample from all possible data: there's a very large infinity of (Q, A, time) triples (ie., it's real-valued). But it cannot, since most of those are in the future.