Not at all. This solves a somewhat different problem: determining your position relative to a number of nearby reference stations (on the order of tens of meter

Not at all. This solves a somewhat different problem: determining your position relative to a number of nearby reference stations (on the order of tens of meters away). The limiting factor is that you have to wait for enough muons to pass through both your mobile detector and your reference stations. The farther apart they are, the lower the odds of this happening by random chance, so the longer you have to wait, with the fix time increasing proportional to distance^2. You also need a very accurate shared time reference between the reference detectors and the receiver; for this experiment, that was provided by piggybacking on GPS time. The detector also needs to be fairly physically large. The Ars Technica article talks about the potential for miniaturization, but I believe this is a distortion or misunderstanding of the research. It's true that the researchers anticipate being able to miniaturize and improve some of the electronics of the detector, primarily through the use of chip-scale atomic clocks rather than OCXOs. But as the paper discusses (pg. 13), you can't really miniaturize the muon detector itself; it needs to be physically large because the muon detection rate is directly proportional to its area. For this experiment, 100x100x2 cm plastic scintillators were used.