Another example in the software world: MS created a moat for Windows through OEM licensing (this also was a major part of the government's suit against them).

Another example in the software world: MS created a moat for Windows through OEM licensing (this also was a major part of the government's suit against them). This discouraged (again, see the suit) OEMs from selling alternate OSes in the 90s (like BeOS) and helped maintain Microsoft's market share. They also have excellent hardware support which makes them a very compelling option as most hardware gets Windows drivers first (not second or third and not written by hobbyists). They have historically had very good backwards compatibility which gave access to a large software catalog (WINE and such help to break that particular moat). Those are all moats. The first ended with the Justice Department going after them. The second hasn't ended (for consumer hardware at least), and the third is still mostly there but is definitely weaker than it was 10+ years ago.