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The doctor performed the Hippocratic Oath on the terrace.
by babelfish 3y ago
The doctor performed the Hippocratic Oath on the terrace.
- asveikau 3y agoImported vocabulary is not code switching.
- IIAOPSW 3y agoIs this gatekeeping?
- zirgs 3y agoWhat's the difference?
- samtho 3y agoCode-switching (linguistically) requires the speaker to be multilingual and it describes the process and patterns used to determine when words are spoken in one language versus the other. Imported vocabulary/borrowed words simply describes loanwords that make it into the common lexicon of speakers of the receiving language but not necessarily speakers of the donor language.
- tchaffee 3y agoYou're missing the point of how the vocabulary got imported. It was thanks to code switching.
- samtho 3y agoI don’t disagree with the idea that code-switchers introduce new vocabulary to the general public at all, in fact, the two terms describe a word or phrase at different phases of its journey to integration within a language. In other words, there exists a point in the history of the language or dialect, the use of word or phrase ceases to be code-switching and becomes widely accepted as imported vocabulary. There is a distinction, however, that not all words that are used via code-switching are going to become part of common enough vernacular that it would become accepted within a language, and likewise, there may be cases where loanwords do not enter a language via speakers that code-switch it into their daily vocabulary.
- tchaffee 3y agoI think a good analogy is imported cheese. It's still Italian cheese even if you grew up with mozzarella as an American and consider pizza an American food. So while these words might be completely familiar to an English speaker you are still using a foreign word and are speaking and understand a very tiny bit of a foreign language. I know a tiny bit of German thanks to kindergarten. A word my Austrian friend spoke in a German sentence this morning while speaking with his son. My very tiny set of German vocabulary along with the context made it easy enough to figure out where they are headed today.
- asveikau 3y agoI feel like German shouldn't count. The relatedness of these two languages is such that there are so many cognates and similar grammar, you could probably understand a lot of German sentences just by listening closely and being curious. But kindergarten is imported the whole world over. You can't say you know German based on that. Code-switchers understand the grammar of both languages, not just a few words. I do think the Normans entering England, or Germanic peoples mixing with Celts, or Celts being conquered by Romans for a brief time -- all of that probably produced code switchers in their moment in time, with lasting impact to our vocabular and grammar. But it's not code switching anymore. It's modern English now. Similar things happened in Spain with Celts, Romans, Arabs, Goths, Basques... Not to mention all the regional Romance languages that survive today (Galician, Catalan). They conquered the Americas and got some infusion of that vocabulary too. Castilian borrows vocabulary from all of these. But monolingual Castilian speakers do not "code switch".
- tchaffee 3y agoI hear German often enough and understand almost nothing. You also know a little bit of Indian language you yogurt guru. You don't have to be aware you're using words from other languages to be speaking words from other languages. Adiós amigo.
- fknorangesite 3y agoBorrowed words is a totally different phenomenon.
- tchaffee 3y agoCan you explain the difference? They look identical to me.
- wccrawford 3y agoI don't necessarily agree with everyone above, but.. When the first person used "hotel" in an English sentence, they were struggling to find a suitable word and failed, and fell back to another language for it. Or possibly they thought it was a better word than the English equivalent for some reason. They thought of it as a French word, with all the implications of it in French, rather than English. When I use "hotel" in a sentence, it's just part of the language I grew up with. To me, it's an English word, not something I fell back on in another language. That said, the "Spanglish" referenced here is being learned from birth by people, so they aren't context switching either. They're just speaking how they learned to speak. Older people are probably still context switching, but younger people likely aren't.
- tchaffee 3y agoThe fact that's it's an English word to you doesn't make it no longer a French word. You simply aren't aware you're using a French word.
- mcswell 3y agoCode switching is when you're speaking language X, then switch over to language Y for one or more words. If there's another person present who knows X but doesn't know Y, they'll probably be lost when you do that. Borrowing might have started out as code switching, or something else, but when you use words borrowed a long time ago from Y in language X, people who know X but not necessarily Y will probably understand you. There are of course technical terms that you might use which not everyone will understand. Some of these will have been borrowed from another language, like electron or perigee or perihelion, while others might be words made up and not borrowed, like quark or boson or fermion. The fact that some were borrowed, and others not, does not make the one code switching and the other something else. And if you're code switching, you'll probably be pronouncing the words from language Y with the expected pronunciation of Y, whereas if you're using words borrowed from Y into X, they will probably be pronounced differently from how they would be pronounced if you were code switching into Y (or just speaking Y), and the semantics may have changed. Take the word 'mesa' in English, describing a flat-topped hill in the southwest. If you're a non-Spanish speaker, you'll probably pronounce that last vowel as a schwa, and only have the flat-topped hill meaning in mind. Whereas if you code switched into Spanish, that last vowel would probably sound like the /a/ in 'father', and you might be talking about a table.