“Up to” is legalese, I think. If you say “x% faster” and there is anything that isn’t x% faster on the new hardware, you may be taken to court and lose. You’ll

“Up to” is legalese, I think. If you say “x% faster” and there is anything that isn’t x% faster on the new hardware, you may be taken to court and lose. You’ll also always find a footnote on such claims explaining testing methodology. See for example the long list at https://www.apple.com/macbook-air-13-and-15-m2/#footnote-1 https://www.apple.com/macbook-air-13-and-15-m2/#footnote-1.