A similar technology (bed of amines that absorbs CO2 from ambient air) is being tested on the International Space Station, so it's worth reviewing how this stuf

A similar technology (bed of amines that absorbs CO2 from ambient air) is being tested on the International Space Station, so it's worth reviewing how this stuff breaks: 1. Pipes and bearings clog up or corrode. 2. Trace contaminants irreversibly react with the sorbent material. 3. Stuff in the beds shifts around in unexpected ways, aided by the heat cycling. 4. The problem gets harder the more dilute the gas is. The older zeolite beds on ISS struggle to keep CO2 levels below 5000 ppm, vs. 400 ppm ambient on Earth. Submarines (which use amine sorbents) have the same problem getting below 5000 ppm. I have no idea how Climeworks addresses these challenges, but they are kind of unavoidable when you're trying to remove a trace gas with a reversible process in thermodynamically unfavorable conditions. They will have to move vast quantities of air, and everything that is in it, through the system, and heat and cool the components thousands of times. I'm sure the problems are surmountable, but are they surmountable in a way that keeps total carbon used in the process (including manufacturing and repair) negative?