> Just to give you an illustrative example, if three workers with 8 years of schooling retire from the workforce, and two workers with college degrees enter the

> Just to give you an illustrative example, if three workers with 8 years of schooling retire from the workforce, and two workers with college degrees enter the workforce, is that a demographic collapse? Yes, because, unfortunately, every economy depends on having workers willing to do occupations that don’t depend on high-level qualifications. As China’s population ages while the pool of young workers without career aspirations shrinks, where are they going to find all the medical care-assistants, agricultural workers, and things like that? Other countries such as in the Middle East the “solution” was to import labour from India and SE Asia - I don’t believe that approach will work for China at all.