I think the how is pretty simple: If you're a company that runs a chat/communication app and you can't comply with a government request for the contents of priv

I think the how is pretty simple: If you're a company that runs a chat/communication app and you can't comply with a government request for the contents of private communication on your platform then you're in violating of the law. If you have any presence in Spain then you'd be subject to fines or whatever cross-jurisdictional sanctions they can get away with. Or if you're untouchable legally they could require ISPs to block you and you can play whack-a-mole. The majors players where 95% of communications happens would either have to play ball or withdraw from the country. In practice this probably means that small apps get away without complying until the government has a request for you that you fail to meet. It's a horrible and terrifying idea, but I think it's reasonable to enforce and get the vast majority of people to have unencrypted communications. (but not the vast majority of dedicated criminals)