Either make it actually good and usable or discontinue it. As it stands, most "public Wi-Fi" projects I see around require too much effort to be actually usable

Either make it actually good and usable or discontinue it. As it stands, most "public Wi-Fi" projects I see around require too much effort to be actually usable. I bet the only reason we have Wi-Fi on the trains to begin with is someone's project to appear "modern" and skim some government money rather than provide a valuable service people can take for granted and actually start using and relying on. None of the people who worked on this actually use it day-to-day otherwise they'd realize how shit it is. Public Wi-Fi "login" is absolutely awful. It relies on captive portals which 1) provide no security (the traffic is still unencrypted and you can take over someone's session by spoofing their MAC address, making the whole "auth" pointless), 2) don't actually fulfil any law-enforcement objective (malicious users will just provide fake details on the signup page anyway) and 3) break all kinds of applications and ultimately ruins the user experience to a stage where people just don't bother and tether to their mobile instead. The solution is to either amend the law to make the whole "login" thing unnecessary (criminals will "login" with fake details anyway), make it open to everyone (so connecting immediately gives you unrestricted internet access with no captive portal, thus devices can auto-connect) and use some per-MAC-address and maybe per-domain traffic shaping to throttle down heavy users or heavy services (video streaming, etc). Alternatively, if "login" or payment is needed, use WPA2/3-Enterprise (with EAP) which allows usernames and passwords (so the OS can handle the auth instead of a captive portal) with a single (potentially government- or telco-consortium-operated) login that works across all public networks so Wi-Fi actually works seamlessly and effortlessly. The Virgin Media Wi-Fi in the London Underground actually works similarly where users or any major carrier can seamlessly connect via EAP-SIM/EAP-AKA, never see a login page, and their device automatically roams on and off the network as needed.