> there can be a cost to calling functions that has been significant for me Have you measured? Function call overhead is one of those things people usually fee

> there can be a cost to calling functions that has been significant for me Have you measured? Function call overhead is one of those things people usually feel is expensive, but in 99.9% of cases, isn't, especially when adjusting for whether optimizations from avoiding calls come from inlining instead of avoiding the actual call instructions, and especially when the function call is direct, not through a table/PLT/etc.. Worrying about function calls is up there with juggling thread priorities and replacing multiplies with shifts in the ranks of performance superstition and woo.