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The original Moore's law was about transistors per chip AT CONSTANT COST. That has ceased to be true as design and fabrication costs are increasing exponentiall
by bjourne 3y ago
The original Moore's law was about transistors per chip AT CONSTANT COST. That has ceased to be true as design and fabrication costs are increasing exponentially. However, the number of transistors per chip (regardless of cost) has still tracked Moore's law.
What is definitely over is Dennard scaling. As transistors got smaller it used to be possible to reduce the current used to drive them. That in turn made it possible to increase the clock frequency without frying the chip. Heat dissipation is proportional to the frequency and drive current. It's not possible anymore because you have leakage current and other parasitics (electrical noise essentially) that does not scale with transistor size. In the past you could take a 486 dx, overclock it from 25 to 50MHz and it would "magically" get about twice as fast. That is not possible anymore and chips are unlikely to ever run much faster than 5GHz.
However, Moore's law still provides performance because you can fit more cores, larger caches, specialized circuits, SIMD units, etc, on the same chip.