Also, there often isn't a single "root" cause. Causality is a DAG. To start, the alternator belt can simply break even when well-maintained. It can break when u

Also, there often isn't a single "root" cause. Causality is a DAG. To start, the alternator belt can simply break even when well-maintained. It can break when under stress due to another part that isn't working correctly. The alternator belt could be a well-known source of problems in this particular model, or could have been replaced by a cheap one by a previous owner, or could have been exposed to corrosive airborne chemicals due to where the vehicle is typically parked. Likewise, in the ID parsing example, there is a quick jump to "It should ignore values past &, Because & is the field separator" without asking why a field separator gets into this parsing function at all. Is this function expected to handle strings that contain such a separator? (All code operates on certain assumptions, so it is futile to expect a parsing function to handle "all" cases -- there simply isn't a useful definition of "all" that could be the basis for that.)