They placed the people the avoidance of whom was being measured (the authors' "confederates", as the paper calls them) so they knew for a fact what those guys l

They placed the people the avoidance of whom was being measured (the authors' "confederates", as the paper calls them) so they knew for a fact what those guys looked like. It seems like they also didn't include data points if they didn't think the footage was clear enough. > Maybe New York just has a lot of assholes and low individualism. But they measured a difference between behavior around white and black "confederates". > Also, how can a mere correlated difference of reaction be considered "racist"? It's not exactly concrete proof per se, but I think a well-constructed study of this sort (I am not prepared to vouch for this one) could at least reach a finding that points strongly in that direction.