This is probably the most direct method of getting this fixed. EU is looking to impose carbon border fees. The looming threat of those is why China has introd

This is probably the most direct method of getting this fixed. EU is looking to impose carbon border fees. The looming threat of those is why China has introduced Carbon fees to their internal market. If Turkmenistan is selling its fossil fuel to China then that GHG cost can be charged against Chinese goods being exported to EU. Which gives China a financial incentive to lean on Turkmenistan to fix their leaks. (Also WorldInData has figures for GHG with and without imports/exports. It generally doesn't change the big picture too much.)