NNTP was always a firehose. In 1988 it was more traffic than the large company I worked for at the time could afford to carry on their upstream connection. The

NNTP was always a firehose. In 1988 it was more traffic than the large company I worked for at the time could afford to carry on their upstream connection. The design where all content was replicated everywhere was just wrong for an always connected network. It dated back to UUCP days and intermittent p2p networking.