I've worked in multiple systems written in python, ruby, and JS where an untyped dict|hash|object is passed from function to function. In each function, keys ar

I've worked in multiple systems written in python, ruby, and JS where an untyped dict|hash|object is passed from function to function. In each function, keys are read; keys are written; keys are deleted. Tracking params were actually called by each function was a nightmare. If this "magic" dictionary was sourced from a schemeless api or database, it was impossible to figure out the schema of this dict without running the code in production.