Technically the film is named after this novel; they optioned the title and then slapped it on their Do Androids Dream script because it sounded better. You're

Technically the film is named after this novel; they optioned the title and then slapped it on their Do Androids Dream script because it sounded better. You're pretty close in your plot summary, it's about a dystopian future where surgery, and specifically possession of surgical instruments, is illegal. The "Blade Runners" are couriers that deliver the scalpels to underground surgery clinics. The name makes a lot more sense for that than for an android hunter but I'm happy we got the Blade Runner we got.