Agreed except for the part at the end: Java, C, C++, and JavaScript definitely do have the "dangling else" problem! It's a manifestation of the same basic issue

Agreed except for the part at the end: Java, C, C++, and JavaScript definitely do have the "dangling else" problem! It's a manifestation of the same basic issue. Who is saying they don't? You just showed how they do! It is a real problem and they all have it. The takeaway here isn't that those languages don't have the issue. They do. It's just really common in language design, that's all; certainly not something to single out OCaml about. Apple's infamous "goto vulnerability" was directly caused by this language design issue in good old C. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangling_else https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangling_else (just to show that this is something people commonly consider to be a problem with Java, C, C++, and JavaScript)