It is worse than that. You get paid 20k/y. You pay 20k/y in tuition. But only 40% of the grant money ends up going to this 40k. So it costs the funding institut

It is worse than that. You get paid 20k/y. You pay 20k/y in tuition. But only 40% of the grant money ends up going to this 40k. So it costs the funding institution $100,000 to pay you 20k.