In my experience, most of the software complexity is accidental, i.e. it doesn't directly emerge from customer needs. And even if your framework is to use cust

In my experience, most of the software complexity is accidental, i.e. it doesn't directly emerge from customer needs. And even if your framework is to use customer needs as justification for complexity, people will still use something like Kubernetes for an app with 10 monthly users, because it "helps us deliver features faster, have zero-downtime deployments and be scalable". Most (non-product) engineers have a natural inclination to introduce more complexity, and will use mental gymnastics to justify it.