it's complicated... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3003984/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3003984/ "A mild and transitory vasocons

it's complicated... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3003984/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3003984/ "A mild and transitory vasoconstrictor effect exists, which depends mainly on the caffeine concentration in the VSMC. However, the main and predominant effect of caffeine on the vascular wall is vasodilating, acting equally on the VSMC directly or indirectly and also on the endothelial structure." The paper also says that withdrawal headaches are caused by vasodilation so I was wrong about that. "When you abruptly stop the consumption of caffeine in a habitual consumer, there is a greater number of available adenosine receptors, which potentiates the vasodilation produced by adenosine, causing the symptoms"