> Law enforcement, national defense and clean air are other often-cited examples of public goods. These 'nonrival and nonexcludable' examples also fail this te

> Law enforcement, national defense and clean air are other often-cited examples of public goods. These 'nonrival and nonexcludable' examples also fail this test. In fact practically any resource in this universe effectively fails because a malicious/entrepreneurial individual can (and will, if there's enough value and not enough enforcement) force scarcity. If I make a 911 call, finite emergency resources (Law Enforcement, medical, fire, and potentially national guard) are allocated to me. SWATing individuals has demonstrated that it is possible to prevent others from consuming these resources. Yet LE must (and should) respond to SWATing calls. If my business pollutes the surrounding clean air and clean water, other businesses and individuals cannot capitalize (yes! The essence of this article!) On this seemingly public good. If the article is looking for a public good argument, it should consider the not-so-direct economic benefit of reducing car accidents and DUI rates. I personally don't think the majority of Americans drive because they want to. I think Americans drive because public transportation options outside of major cities were gutted nearly a century ago.