> No multiple sources have explained that 'alpha' implies competing with others and becoming top dog by winning a contest or battle. Uhhhh... > The concept of

> No multiple sources have explained that 'alpha' implies competing with others and becoming top dog by winning a contest or battle. Uhhhh... > The concept of the alpha wolf is well ingrained in the popular wolf literature, at least partly because of my book “The Wolf: Ecology and Behavior of an Endangered Species,”... You are directly contradicting the author you're claiming to support. This isn't an episode of Dr. Who. Time travel does not exist. Two things cannot cause one another over the course of a fifty year span. Either the concept of "alpha wolf" arose from Mech's work (in which case it didn't imply anything because it was a wholly new term), or it didn't (in which case it wasn't his idea and him repudiating it doesn't carry the weight you think it does).