Actually cost is why companies are doing research into things like this. Carbon emissions are a problem for heavy industries in the sense that it will raise the

Actually cost is why companies are doing research into things like this. Carbon emissions are a problem for heavy industries in the sense that it will raise their cost and this is something they have to address mid to long term. Meanwhile electricity prices are not a constant and trending down. It might be too expensive now but at some point it might actually become the cheaper option if cost continues to drop. Also, large energy users, like steel plants, would probably end up investing in their own energy generation. Wind, solar, maybe even nuclear. That turns electricity from a variable cost into a fixed cost for them. So, it's not as clear cut that electrifying their processes is long term more expensive. It might actually turn around and become the cheaper option. Carbon taxes of course might make this attractive sooner. But even if it were more expensive, another reason for investing in de-carbonizing steel would be that there is actually a growing demand for companies to source their materials from companies that have lower carbon emissions. Steel is used by a lot of companies and those companies too are looking to clean up their supply lines. And of course because some companies are researching and trying different options here, other companies now need to worry about having a plan when their competitors start producing cleaner and cheaper steel. All good reasons for companies to be investing in this now rather than in 30 years.