In developed or advanced developing countries, social welfare programs, including pensions and healthcare, are based on tax contribution from the working popula

In developed or advanced developing countries, social welfare programs, including pensions and healthcare, are based on tax contribution from the working population. These systems were mostly set up during a period of high fetility where population growth projection appeared to be perpetually increasing. With a declining working population and longer life expectancy, there will eventually be more withdrawals than contributions, causing the welfare systems to run dry without additional intervention. Modern economy systems also function on the assumption of gradual inflation. A chronically deflationary society is one that's at the risk of spiralling into either stagnation or collapse. Post-1990 Japan is the only approximate example of a chronically deflationary society and they have been in almost perpetual QE since 2014 to no avail.