https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(23)00156-2#secsectitle0015 https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(23)... From the pa

https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(23)00156-2#secsectitle0015 https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(23)... From the paper's discussion > Given that sex impacts the response to vaccine,9,25 we calculated separate overall ES for men and women. When sleep was assessed objectively, the pooled ES was large and highly significant for men, whereas it was smaller and not significant for women, likely due to the wide variations in sex hormone levels according to phase of the menstrual cycle, use of hormonal contraception, menopausal status, and use of hormonal replacement in post-menopausal women.25 None of the studies included in our meta-analysis controlled for these known hormonal modulators of immune function.