This is just academic gymnastics. If market conditions dictate that a worker produces 10 dollars in value so you hire people for 9 dollars, and then the value o

This is just academic gymnastics. If market conditions dictate that a worker produces 10 dollars in value so you hire people for 9 dollars, and then the value of their production is reduced to 7 dollars you need to fire someone. In the real world there is uncertainty in the projected value their work (if it can even be measured, and not taking into account non economic consideration). So someone can be overpaid for a while until it is discovered, at least in the way most people think about the meaning of overpaid.