Fractional banking has been a driving feature of capitalist growth for several centuries now. As to "exceptions", there isn't any exception here. Standard prac

Fractional banking has been a driving feature of capitalist growth for several centuries now. As to "exceptions", there isn't any exception here. Standard practice in every bank collapse after IndyMac has been that depositors (including uninsured depositors) are made whole. It's just not something the FDIC will commit to because they don't want to commit to making depositors whole and be on the hook if an obviously risky and disreputable bank collapses and depositors want their money back.