I'd like to add that there is a spectrum between "brute-force" and "precision" marketing. So some people say/think they are doing precision marketing, but they

I'd like to add that there is a spectrum between "brute-force" and "precision" marketing. So some people say/think they are doing precision marketing, but they are actually doing "brute-force" marketing with a few precision marketing tactics. I think precision marketing is most effective when used as a holistic strategy. This often means precision marketing dictates what your core business is. Smart precision marketers first pick a niche and figure out what problems people really need solved. Then they confirm if people will buy even before building the solution to that pain. Most people do things in the opposite order: think up a business idea, build it, then are confused when it is hard to sell to other people. Both methods can succeed, but I think the precision method minimizes the risk of (market) failure.