Thanks for the numbers on LED lighting. As a comparison, photosynthesis efficiency is about 5% [1]. One could at first think that 12% is better than 5%, but the

Thanks for the numbers on LED lighting. As a comparison, photosynthesis efficiency is about 5% [1]. One could at first think that 12% is better than 5%, but the plant still need to grow even with LED lighting. The first step in the photosynthesis is the light absorption. The loss there is due to the limited light absorption (range 400 - 700nm). So maybe this step could be improved by using LED lighting dialled in to the range of the plant. The rest of the loss chain would remain mostly the same. Doing the math with the wikipedia numbers Plant growing in open field =========================== 0.53*0.7*0.76*0.32*0.6 = 0.05413632 ==> 5.4% Plant growing with LED lighting =============================== Considering 100 % LED light absorption by the plant (which is an exaggerated hypothesis) and the 12% LED lighting efficiency 0.12*1.0*0.7*0.76*0.32*0.6 = 0.01225728 ==> 1.2% efficiency [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_efficiency https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_efficiency