4 ms·

I spent some time Googling this about 6 months ago. Lots of tutorials on Crypto-js, not so many (and almost zero "here's a super simple implementation") for Web

by iamben 4y ago

I spent some time Googling this about 6 months ago. Lots of tutorials on Crypto-js, not so many (and almost zero "here's a super simple implementation") for WebCrypto API. I can understand if this is a hobby project why you'd lean into one rather than the other, I probably would have done the same.

cgb223 4y ago
Sounds like a golden opportunity for someone with a developer blog to make useful content
trusz 4y ago
Not going to pretend that I know what the most of the stuff mean, or if it is even safe enough, but I've followed the MDN articles and put together this TypeScript snippet [1]. Maybe somebody could comment on it? Also sorry for the long link. Is there any accepted way to post a shorted URL? Edit: added a corrected version [2] [1]: https://www.typescriptlang.org/play?#code/DYUwLgBAbiDGYHsBOEC8EDuBLAdgEwQwDpYkBPAB0SIHNwAlAQ3wQFsA1R4AVxAGcAFDhAYIAVVxgAHAEEkSRmQEBGAGwBKdQG4AUHsZ8yOWBABm3Y2CwIcEEMfJUAKgAt7AETiOwAvl-AAsvx8jHQAXHxgSLg0ADQQFAZ8GMh4YRCR0Tg0EOrpAApIbFh+ADwA2pkx8TjcrABGIEgAugB8EADeehA9EAD0fTq9-X0QhSAUQ70DUz2wNpEQANYgZGgQjBiMWJB0wgpgIADSqwBiRaz5SSlIeAKJfMmp6t3Tg8MDEACiDpRWNjRZiMgfMcIt7KQ-iA8EFHqEQOtNttIBDvLCQnQBCsyPE-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-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 https://www.typescriptlang.org/play?#code/DYUwLgBAbiDGYHsBOE... [2]: https://www.typescriptlang.org/play?#code/FAiGGcE8DsGMAIBmBXOAXAlge2vApnAE6QAOaAKgBYEAiesxZAFMPG-OPYXmgLJ7hwoAOZ4AXODSEM0YQBp4rdiQjgA7lkIATMRykz5SthgBuugKoy0ADgCChQqEhyjHUABs0E-bJfAAlLoACoRYALYYnAA8ANqS0r7w0MhhAEZ4hAC6AHzwAN4g7PAA9MWupfAheCTlZUWwOJLwANZ4kPAAvPCgaqAYaPCi0BmgaHgA0m0AYqFhQaoa2kwqgotaCkKe-oXspbXwAKJEpJg4ta4N0E0EDCd4WvyCInid3b39+Mdkj0KiTK3ODhcHg-Z4KUz+ADcF0aAxuxDGWhoo1Ar2GanglmgNnsjkgTHhdweAl+eChJWK8CiAFogdAtPA0JRIjs2KVqRzqecihU6LcyNzdsVLk0tFwia8en0BmL+XwSc9-m0FISyPdQaJtvVYfBZYxEZL3jLxd8FX8ASrjojkWhQOCTFr2CLjXL7jbUV10ZirHYHE4mHqiVCYVcXfr7uQ8AAPAZdS4mDJoXFOABCyEQiETWAAyj5hAGTdaUdtWRT4CKsO48AA6dxYfMAIj54YZWhRugb8AA1Lr6I62cLGpWa2LUsh8wByGI0A4p8wAcUy8AnCjyFs+ruJT1EltuRdtCkDavWvc37sPhYj0bQAF94P34Nw0MhCLgYkfEZGY7uEW6UbWCGEJlMmAG8wCgOAkFQWBTlwIYRjGSZIBmcJ5lWTQtGWBYMO8BJ5DcTxdHiAxAkqWZIjwKIAGF9SwJDsgKcsdQwMISE0RE0PUDDDWleA1BkLQsDUas5SwatwGQVI0CrasWLYwg0CQlgiiKBtHDUBsXBUp0cATBTczw8gsGTSA0wzDIsPQ7R-C07T8gbaBQDCPAGw7IIU3GGgpgAJgbG9bO0xAPE4BQKhpfAY0cGDQFSKsAH5XCKGIGzFaQEyQhsQKKYMQyaAEeI+fj6SEkTaPEyTpJHDJTAmNplLsxi7NUxznNc+AG3czyfM0xK7IbTY0Da+NEwMgwjJMszM0IJgBps3rtIbfoEOwK42oARgABi2raAqa9rKAgSg2obbMAAlbGpbyAFYADYG3m+B-IeuT2PuTi1l2opGr29qWpcjtbAObNqXnKjeB6n62AbKtZCZdbvOsB6nqaoL3BCh7ktVQaFBSwtMtcHKiifF9cABUDwJgBAUHQFaN31DU8CVSBdBok46OVIEGBBM1xD0PD7QsH0TP8fJXGJ18+IEkrRPKqSZKxpg8j+gGgZBsHNPgUx-JaDnhv0vNxr9Uz0ymmbgXlbcyWDMDgAgSmoJpnBT3pnmmZZ2ikJ-IkGd0CaTYyAXvWxX08RF77Hx4EnJeK4SZYkuWqrlRXlfawHgdB8H7W19csfVHnrZAamYNpvW0FG2RDbxSaLPiXCSMF4OTNFooTFAQgNywVK0TwDEvzQI4GlSphgyJyOJZuTuMmrCexRmqQC6L2CmOgPSkyN6uFJzPMmDHczCAbnEjcCYjZGb9hW-b2VJ-bz0e-gPu+WvpgG2QNBEGpawGxH9hxdwK-UurP-Rmu8poF2AIvWmjhiphAAGoeGQAIYeB8Q5OHDr-aOglY5lVEGgAASqAaBcD3AIPAEwL0WJD54iYGtG6-htg2wppBCBTswh9GgMPcOzp4CaAwMIGQHgGavAbAAYl1FgWAKQCC2iXsIZAGB3BincDIF491tShk5k+IRYR2hoCwCQDRPBVE6XUQmGCmhXhQMErA+BiDv5sC4QNIRTIXiOMiIyZk4BHwEKsXzAwYhOw9kseEIhJDh6li4TERA-D3AMw2BgAAXngAA8ogAeLZ3RLi6FKD4WMqC0ELEwHhfDHIxJ5hsc2ChTG6MIBsDwaAHwVhkqoRMhTpDFIETzToHQuhRJKQzBpQ4ZJ1nzOHIomBnK6BtDWaAQlh6hUpAAK2QE0XRQIXgYEQO4l4wzywHVkAIbhuBnGPl4UyB6YRwDCH8eABJBysCbLbLaDWD0inRNiS8tp0TdCvL6TzACsNKAKAernHQHBbkpLSUSc8igUZvLKQ9RwYwxAzXBakr4+5QDFB+R0y2-ygKUAfDeehIBGk1lgFWNuYTWEyGHkAA https://www.typescriptlang.org/play?#code/FAiGGcE8DsGMAIBmBX...
- tptacek 4y ago
  If you call "encrypt" more than once in that code, you'll leak the authentication key. Every invocation of GCM encryption needs a unique nonce. Cryptography nerds will chastise you for using a random nonce (there theoretically isn't enough room in the GCM nonce space to safely encrypt large numbers of message with random nonces), but the alternative (using a counter) is even more hazardous. This problem motivates a lot of people to use other AEADs like XChapoly, which has an extended nonce space that safely admits random nonces. Isn't cryptography fun?
  - trusz 4y ago
    Oh yes! Thank you for the feedback. I've added a new version where the `iv` and the `salt` is random. Maybe a followup question: Because you need both the `iv` and `salt` to decrypt the message is it ok in an E2E scenario to send all three: `iv`, `salt` and the encrypted message?
    - tptacek 4y ago
      I didn't look to see what "salt" means in your design, but the idiom for using GCM in message encryption is to send ciphertexts that take the form `nonce || ciphertext`, and to decrypt by reading the nonce off the front of the message.
  - majou 4y ago
    From what I shallowly researched; GCM's nonce seems limited to 12 bytes by convention only. That nonce reuse is so fatal seems absurd to me. Would "salting" the key safely tackle the problem? Put explicitly; send <- nonce || salt || ciphertext recv -> decrypt(ciphertext, nonce, pbkdf(pass) || salt) [edit: apply salt outside of the kdf]
    - tptacek 4y ago
      As I remember it, the balance of the bytes in the AES block are used for the counter. At any rate, the convention is essentially universal.

by iamben 4y ago

cgb223 4y ago

Sounds like a golden opportunity for someone with a developer blog to make useful content

trusz 4y ago

Not going to pretend that I know what the most of the stuff mean, or if it is even safe enough, but I've followed the MDN articles and put together this TypeScript snippet [1]. Maybe somebody could comment on it? Also sorry for the long link. Is there any accepted way to post a shorted URL? Edit: added a corrected version [2] [1]: https://www.typescriptlang.org/play?#code/DYUwLgBAbiDGYHsBOEC8EDuBLAdgEwQwDpYkBPAB0SIHNwAlAQ3wQFsA1R4AVxAGcAFDhAYIAVVxgAHAEEkSRmQEBGAGwBKdQG4AUHsZ8yOWBABm3Y2CwIcEEMfJUAKgAt7AETiOwAvl-AAsvx8jHQAXHxgSLg0ADQQFAZ8GMh4YRCR0Tg0EOrpAApIbFh+ADwA2pkx8TjcrABGIEgAugB8EADeehA9EAD0fTq9-X0QhSAUQ70DUz2wNpEQANYgZGgQjBiMWJB0wgpgIADSqwBiRaz5SSlIeAKJfMmp6t3Tg8MDEACiDpRWNjRZiMgfMcIt7KQ-iA8EFHqEQOtNttIBDvLCQnQBCsyPE-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-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 https://www.typescriptlang.org/play?#code/DYUwLgBAbiDGYHsBOE... [2]: https://www.typescriptlang.org/play?#code/FAiGGcE8DsGMAIBmBXOAXAlge2vApnAE6QAOaAKgBYEAiesxZAFMPG-OPYXmgLJ7hwoAOZ4AXODSEM0YQBp4rdiQjgA7lkIATMRykz5SthgBuugKoy0ADgCChQqEhyjHUABs0E-bJfAAlLoACoRYALYYnAA8ANqS0r7w0MhhAEZ4hAC6AHzwAN4g7PAA9MWupfAheCTlZUWwOJLwANZ4kPAAvPCgaqAYaPCi0BmgaHgA0m0AYqFhQaoa2kwqgotaCkKe-oXspbXwAKJEpJg4ta4N0E0EDCd4WvyCInid3b39+Mdkj0KiTK3ODhcHg-Z4KUz+ADcF0aAxuxDGWhoo1Ar2GanglmgNnsjkgTHhdweAl+eChJWK8CiAFogdAtPA0JRIjs2KVqRzqecihU6LcyNzdsVLk0tFwia8en0BmL+XwSc9-m0FISyPdQaJtvVYfBZYxEZL3jLxd8FX8ASrjojkWhQOCTFr2CLjXL7jbUV10ZirHYHE4mHqiVCYVcXfr7uQ8AAPAZdS4mDJoXFOABCyEQiETWAAyj5hAGTdaUdtWRT4CKsO48AA6dxYfMAIj54YZWhRugb8AA1Lr6I62cLGpWa2LUsh8wByGI0A4p8wAcUy8AnCjyFs+ruJT1EltuRdtCkDavWvc37sPhYj0bQAF94P34Nw0MhCLgYkfEZGY7uEW6UbWCGEJlMmAG8wCgOAkFQWBTlwIYRjGSZIBmcJ5lWTQtGWBYMO8BJ5DcTxdHiAxAkqWZIjwKIAGF9SwJDsgKcsdQwMISE0RE0PUDDDWleA1BkLQsDUas5SwatwGQVI0CrasWLYwg0CQlgiiKBtHDUBsXBUp0cATBTczw8gsGTSA0wzDIsPQ7R-C07T8gbaBQDCPAGw7IIU3GGgpgAJgbG9bO0xAPE4BQKhpfAY0cGDQFSKsAH5XCKGIGzFaQEyQhsQKKYMQyaAEeI+fj6SEkTaPEyTpJHDJTAmNplLsxi7NUxznNc+AG3czyfM0xK7IbTY0Da+NEwMgwjJMszM0IJgBps3rtIbfoEOwK42oARgABi2raAqa9rKAgSg2obbMAAlbGpbyAFYADYG3m+B-IeuT2PuTi1l2opGr29qWpcjtbAObNqXnKjeB6n62AbKtZCZdbvOsB6nqaoL3BCh7ktVQaFBSwtMtcHKiifF9cABUDwJgBAUHQFaN31DU8CVSBdBok46OVIEGBBM1xD0PD7QsH0TP8fJXGJ18+IEkrRPKqSZKxpg8j+gGgZBsHNPgUx-JaDnhv0vNxr9Uz0ymmbgXlbcyWDMDgAgSmoJpnBT3pnmmZZ2ikJ-IkGd0CaTYyAXvWxX08RF77Hx4EnJeK4SZYkuWqrlRXlfawHgdB8H7W19csfVHnrZAamYNpvW0FG2RDbxSaLPiXCSMF4OTNFooTFAQgNywVK0TwDEvzQI4GlSphgyJyOJZuTuMmrCexRmqQC6L2CmOgPSkyN6uFJzPMmDHczCAbnEjcCYjZGb9hW-b2VJ-bz0e-gPu+WvpgG2QNBEGpawGxH9hxdwK-UurP-Rmu8poF2AIvWmjhiphAAGoeGQAIYeB8Q5OHDr-aOglY5lVEGgAASqAaBcD3AIPAEwL0WJD54iYGtG6-htg2wppBCBTswh9GgMPcOzp4CaAwMIGQHgGavAbAAYl1FgWAKQCC2iXsIZAGB3BincDIF491tShk5k+IRYR2hoCwCQDRPBVE6XUQmGCmhXhQMErA+BiDv5sC4QNIRTIXiOMiIyZk4BHwEKsXzAwYhOw9kseEIhJDh6li4TERA-D3AMw2BgAAXngAA8ogAeLZ3RLi6FKD4WMqC0ELEwHhfDHIxJ5hsc2ChTG6MIBsDwaAHwVhkqoRMhTpDFIETzToHQuhRJKQzBpQ4ZJ1nzOHIomBnK6BtDWaAQlh6hUpAAK2QE0XRQIXgYEQO4l4wzywHVkAIbhuBnGPl4UyB6YRwDCH8eABJBysCbLbLaDWD0inRNiS8tp0TdCvL6TzACsNKAKAernHQHBbkpLSUSc8igUZvLKQ9RwYwxAzXBakr4+5QDFB+R0y2-ygKUAfDeehIBGk1lgFWNuYTWEyGHkAA https://www.typescriptlang.org/play?#code/FAiGGcE8DsGMAIBmBX...

tptacek 4y ago
If you call "encrypt" more than once in that code, you'll leak the authentication key. Every invocation of GCM encryption needs a unique nonce. Cryptography nerds will chastise you for using a random nonce (there theoretically isn't enough room in the GCM nonce space to safely encrypt large numbers of message with random nonces), but the alternative (using a counter) is even more hazardous. This problem motivates a lot of people to use other AEADs like XChapoly, which has an extended nonce space that safely admits random nonces. Isn't cryptography fun?
- trusz 4y ago
  Oh yes! Thank you for the feedback. I've added a new version where the `iv` and the `salt` is random. Maybe a followup question: Because you need both the `iv` and `salt` to decrypt the message is it ok in an E2E scenario to send all three: `iv`, `salt` and the encrypted message?
  - tptacek 4y ago
    I didn't look to see what "salt" means in your design, but the idiom for using GCM in message encryption is to send ciphertexts that take the form `nonce || ciphertext`, and to decrypt by reading the nonce off the front of the message.
- majou 4y ago
  From what I shallowly researched; GCM's nonce seems limited to 12 bytes by convention only. That nonce reuse is so fatal seems absurd to me. Would "salting" the key safely tackle the problem? Put explicitly; send <- nonce || salt || ciphertext recv -> decrypt(ciphertext, nonce, pbkdf(pass) || salt) [edit: apply salt outside of the kdf]
  - tptacek 4y ago
    As I remember it, the balance of the bytes in the AES block are used for the counter. At any rate, the convention is essentially universal.