I think all the parts already exist to solve this, you need the AI to check its work rather than simply throwing out a response. So on the front end you might

I think all the parts already exist to solve this, you need the AI to check its work rather than simply throwing out a response. So on the front end you might ask it "What is the capital of Italy", but on the back you translate that into "What is the capital of Italy, how could you factually validate that, and give me some example searches you might type into Google to check your work." Then run the searches and return them: "Here are the searches from credible databases, they say X, Y, and Z, does that conflict with your assumption?". Eventually you feed it enough data and provide enough context to the conversation and the AI will naturally head in the right direction. Computers are fast, we should be able to do all this in a matter of milliseconds.