Modern Monetary Theory covers some of the basics. I believe Monetary Realism (https://www.pragcap.com/monetary-realism/ https://www.pragcap.com/monetary-realism

Modern Monetary Theory covers some of the basics. I believe Monetary Realism (https://www.pragcap.com/monetary-realism/ https://www.pragcap.com/monetary-realism/) is a much better attempt to explain the roles of government, banks, taxation and spending in the modern-day fiat currency environment (though it does contradict some of my simplifications above).