I was hoping for peer-reviewed research, not articles written by journalists. I'm not denying the vacancies are real (not sure how you thought that?). I'm quest

I was hoping for peer-reviewed research, not articles written by journalists. I'm not denying the vacancies are real (not sure how you thought that?). I'm questioning whether the cause of the vacancies are landlords intentionally refusing to rent out units for which qualified renters exist (in the absence of market-distortions like rent-control). I'm open to evidence that this happening, I'm just pointing out that I've seen dozens of people online make this claim and no one ever provides evidence to back it up. I don't have time to thoroughly read through all 6 of those articles, but I've skimmed through them and don't see evidence for the claim there either. The Jacobin and City articles just assert that it's true without citing any evidence. The Business Insider doesn't even try to make that claim, it immediately blames rent-control in the 4-6 paragraphs. The Fox5 article just says units are empty without trying to provide an explanation. If there is a piece of the articles I missed, please point it out.