Nicotine apparently results in higher cotinine levels (which is the marker with which they found a link with lower cognition in this study). I wonder if there'

Nicotine apparently results in higher cotinine levels (which is the marker with which they found a link with lower cognition in this study). I wonder if there's something about the effects on the brain over time that makes cognitive function worse over time, even if it's helpful in the short-term. It's also possible people are self-medicating. If you tested cognitive function on people who have been prescribed to adderall their entire lives vs. people who had not, you might find lower cognitive function in the group with ADD.. but that could also be due to the tests favouring neurotypical people.