> In solid oxide electrolysis (SOE), which is an emerging technology, very hot steam is contacted with a membrane where it splits into oxygen and hydrogen. The

> In solid oxide electrolysis (SOE), which is an emerging technology, very hot steam is contacted with a membrane where it splits into oxygen and hydrogen. The oxygen is removed selectively through the membrane, and pure hydrogen is left behind for ammonia synthesis. ... > In the study, the WSU researchers found comparable energy costs for the fossil-fuel based technology, SOE, and water-based electrolysis ranging from $153 to $197 per ton of ammonia.