No, it has for the most part been "because servers paid based on their performance will perform better". The effects are easily observable in nearly any restaur

No, it has for the most part been "because servers paid based on their performance will perform better". The effects are easily observable in nearly any restaurant in the country - the servers are better than their European counterparts, whether in a fancy establishment or a tiny sandwich shop. 'Because they're paid less than minimum wage' is a straw man - the law that allowed that to happen was created in a pre-existing tipping culture that justified it on the merits.