There isn't a standard, each cloud tries to lock in engineers to it, so they don't compete on price. Any abstraction that is build on top of the different APIs

There isn't a standard, each cloud tries to lock in engineers to it, so they don't compete on price. Any abstraction that is build on top of the different APIs will leak as the implementations are not exactly the same. That is why tools like Terraform just provide a consistent way of working, but then you steel need to learn their APIs as Terraform providers. I think tools like https://jclouds.apache.org/ https://jclouds.apache.org/ have attempted some abstraction, but they also have to allow vendor-specific code, so I don't know how much of it ends up being used. One way you can avoid this problem is by running Kubernetes - then you need to only have code to set it up for each provider and write k8s config that is common to all. Kubernetes is pretty complex though and might not be a good fit for all applications.