If you're a rideshare or cab driver and you also happen to see / recognize billboards nobody is going to hassle you for storing those in your neural net or sugg

If you're a rideshare or cab driver and you also happen to see / recognize billboards nobody is going to hassle you for storing those in your neural net or suggest law should do so. If you're a designer and you take "billboards or t-shirts or anything in the real world that is copyrighted" as stored in your head as the basis for something you're working on, you will need to consider ways in which your derivative work may be infringing. Similarly, no, the space where copyright meets training data doesn't "means Waymo, Bing, Google are all illegal." Nobody is going to care if a driving or search neural net has that billboard or t-shirt data, because their function isn't to output copies or derivative works. If the function of what you're building is to output billboards or t-shirts or anything in the real world that's copyrighted, then you may violating the spirit of copyright law whether you're wetware or using silicon. And whether or not the letter of the law has been refined carefully to apply to the issues at hand.