That's why, in my experience, it usually comes out of the CFO org. At the end of the day, they have the actual opex/capex numbers. And I am sympathetic to the

That's why, in my experience, it usually comes out of the CFO org. At the end of the day, they have the actual opex/capex numbers. And I am sympathetic to the other side of the equation: continually asking people to justify their work ends up with a lot of useless-but-visible or sub-optimal work being prioritized (e.g. Google's lack of strategic attention to bugs/maintenance). Self-destructing, temporary policies and teams seems like a nice balance. And maybe a cultural expectation that most teams will be disbanded and reformed after X years. It'd also be curious to have an org where manager-back-to-IC was more normalized. IOW, manager is a role everyone is expected to serve a stint in, but then relinquish without salary/title penalty.