I watched the relevant parts of the video before I originally replied. That Youtuber is comparing apples to oranges, which makes it look surprising but it's not

I watched the relevant parts of the video before I originally replied. That Youtuber is comparing apples to oranges, which makes it look surprising but it's not. I don't know if he knowingly does that, but such glaring misuse of statistics would make me very cautious of his other "wisdom" as well. To understand why, you need to be aware of the protein contents of the mentioned foods. Chicken has ~27g protein/100g Bread ~9g protein/100g Tomato ~1g protein/100g Tomato is basically not a protein source and it is an energy intensive fruit as well. Bread is better, but it's not where you would usually get your protein from and most of the "oil use" comes from actually baking the bread which is the energy intensive step. That's problematic in and of itself as there is such a huge variability in the energy mixes of different countries that you can't claim this as a universally correct number. A further question I have is whether the chicken is in its cooked or its raw form? Since the bread is in its cooked form, I would expect the chicken is as well? Anyway lets go back to the statistics I posted earlier, where common sources of protein are compared. Peanuts (groundnuts) has ~24g protein/100g Beans/chickpeas (other pulses) ~21g/100g Peas ~4g/100g Now look at their CO2eq. The conclusion is that the energy use of plant-based sources is lower, for reasons I and the other commenter have already explained. One caveat though is that most plant-based sources aren't full protein sources, so the actual numbers will turn out to be slightly higher in a well-rounded diet.