I don't know about Japan, but some statements may be true but misleading. For example, saying that someone is involved in a crime it a way that make people thi

I don't know about Japan, but some statements may be true but misleading. For example, saying that someone is involved in a crime it a way that make people think he is guilty when he is, in fact, the victim. For example, "Mr.X is involved in a series of robberies" when he has been robbed. Other cases where defamation can be invoked is with illegally obtained, private information. For example "Mr.X has been diagnosed with $medical_condition, so...", a clear violation of medical privacy, especially if the one making the accusation is a doctor.