I can’t find the study from a cursory search, but my understanding that nicotine addiction per se could not be replicated without combustion - non-smokers using

I can’t find the study from a cursory search, but my understanding that nicotine addiction per se could not be replicated without combustion - non-smokers using nicotine patches did not exhibit dependence, but smokers did get dependence relief from them. To that end, non-combustible methods of nicotine might give the benefits without the addiction negatives (but still risks of e.g. pancreatic cancer)