> For many categories of research, especially works in other languages, this strategy won't work in the future because the primary sources will increasingly be

> For many categories of research, especially works in other languages, this strategy won't work in the future because the primary sources will increasingly be contaminated by citations of sources built by AI and ML, unless by "primary source" you mean "dedicate 20 years of your life to learning this language and studying the original, ancient manuscripts." Isn't that—not the "learning the language" part, but the "original" part—exactly what "primary source" does mean? For some citations this may be a higher bar than others, but already the basic bar of, e.g., checking direct quotations, and discounting (in the sense of assigning less credence to, not necessarily completely disregarding) works that summarise their sources rather than quoting them directly, can eliminate some intentional or unintentional misrepresentation without requiring a disproportionate investment in learning to read the sources.